How to Fight Fire Bombs: 1942

1942Jan24RadioGuideEighty years ago today, according to the January 24, 1942, issue of Radio Guide, fire bombs were “ugly, dangerous weapons the enemy will eventually try to use right here in the U.S.A.” According to the magazine, hundreds of such bombs, each weighing only a couple of pounds, could carpet an area, causing particular damage if they hit the roof or attic of a building. Bing Crosby, therefore, took a few minutes out of the Kraft Music Hall program to allow Maj. John S. Winch to discuss how to deal with the threat.

The wrong thing to do was to hit them with water as soon as they landed, since the water would ignite the magnesium. It was necessary to wait about sixty seconds, and then if attacking it with a hose, to use a mist of water. The idea was to let the bomb burn out, and keep nearby material from catching fire. Buckets of sand stored at strategic locations were also indicated, according to the magazine.

This threat, of course, never materialized in the continental U.S.  For the closest thing to happen, be sure to read our four-part series on the Fu Go Fire Balloons.



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1951 Military Distance Learning

1952JanRadioElecSeventy years ago this month, the January 1952 issue of Radio-Electronics showed “the boldest stroke in education by television ever made.” The 31-foot TV truck of the Army Signal Corps would be used to televise intricate military exercises and maneuvers, allowing them to be viewed back at base on television screens by much larger numbers than would otherwise be able to witness them. In fact, the camera would make visible all of the little things you wouldn’t see if you were there, making the experience superior to attending in person.

The signals were relayed back to base with a 7 GHz microwave link.



1942 Receiver/Phono Oscillator

1942JanPMradioEighty years ago, the January 1942 issue of Popular Mechanics showed how to put together this versatile circuit. It’s shown here serving as a phono oscillator, and can play records over the home radio. But it also served as a receiver for both the broadcast band and short waves. The set had a single coil, but it was tapped. For standard broadcast reception, the entire coil was used, but for short wave, most of the coil was shorted out. The set could drive a loudspeaker, although for shortwave use, high impedance headphones were recommended. A pilot light served as a fuse, to protect the tubes in case of short circuit.

1942JanPMradioschematic



1952 Hallicrafters VHF-FM Gear

1952JanQSTShown here is Hallicrafters’ foray into the world of land mobile radio, as set of FM transceivers for the low and high VHF bands. Models HT-21 and HT-22 were hand carried, and covered either 25-50 MHz or 150-174. Models HT-23 and HT-24 were base station transceivers for the same bands.

The ad here appeared in QST 70 years ago this month, January 1952. The prices weren’t given, but I suspect they were out of the price range for most hams, and hams didn’t even get on VHF FM in any numbers until similar equipment started to hit the surplus market a decade later. I suspect the ad was intended for hams who happened to be involved in purchasing for public safety or business radio systems, since they would probably find the Hallicrafters name impressive. A well financed Civil Defense department might consider these for their RACES operations, although most such activity took place on AM.

According to the specs, the sets didn’t even cover the 6 and 2 meter ham bands, although I’m sure most hams would have little difficulty bending them just enough. The low band models did cover 10 meters, so if the well heeled appliance operator could put one on ten meters with little difficulty, although it’s unlikely he would find anyone to talk to.



Product Review: Great Value Pulled Pork in BBQ Sauce

PulledPork3CarSurvivalKit

Bottom Line:  Relatively expensive, but good way to add some variety to your survival kit.

We’ve previously reported about the importance of a car winter survival kit, to make sure you have enough food in the car to keep yourself reasonably comfortable if stranded. Recently, for example, a winter storm stranded motorists on Interstate 95 in Virginia for over 24 hours. As we showed previously, the kit in our car contains mostly dry food, and we have water and a means of cooking in the car.

One item that was lacking from the original kit was meat, or any type of protein for that matter. I corrected that after Christmas by buying a Hickory Farms meat and cheese gift package at a steep after-Christmas closeout discount, similar to the one shown at right.

PulledPork2Another item recently caught my eye, and that was the pouch of Great Value Pulled Pork in BBQ Sauce from Walmart. Its already cooked, so it only needs to be warmed up. Of course, in an emergency, it could be eaten cold. It’s best on a bun, but any kind of bread or crackers would work fine.  You could also eat it right out of the pouch, or together with one of the other dishes in the survival kit, such as the rice or mashed potatoes.

To test it at home, I was originally going to heat it up in the microwave, but I realized that I should just warm it up as I would in the car. Since I have in the survival kit an emergency stove and a pan, I decided to duplicate this at home. To keep from getting the pan dirty, I heated up water and simply placed the pouch in the water. Of course, in an emergency, if water is short, you can still use the water for drinking or cooking. More likely than not, if I had to heat it up in the car while stranded, I would be using melted snow.

The finished product was better than I expected. It made a reasonably filling lunch, and in an emergency, a hot sandwich (or even just hot meat out of the pouch) would seem luxurious.

This product wouldn’t be viable for a large portion of your emergency food storage. The 2.8 ounce pouch cost $1.28. It provides 11 grams of protein, and only 130 calories. By contrast, a jar of peanut butter, for only a little bit more money, provides 2520 calories and 98 grams of protein. According to Harvard University, the recommended daily protein intake is 0.36 grams per pound. So a person weighing 150 pounds should get about 54 grams per day. This means that for long-term storage, the peanut butter is a much better value. But for a day or two, the pulled pork would add a few calories to your diet, provide a welcome hot meal, albeit a small one, and provide you with some protein. And it’s quite possible that the contents of the car witner survival kit will be frozen when you need them. Thawing a pouch of meat is probably a lot easier than figuring out how to thaw a jar of peanut butter.

The package I bought had a “best by” date of November 2024, almost three years in the future. So I’ll definitely be tossing some in the car survival kit. I hope I don’t have to use them until a future family survival picnic.

Incidentally, if the package looks familiar, that’s because this type of packaging is also used for tuna, another possible choice for the survival kit.



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Quadrasonic Sound, 1971

1972JanElemElectIf I didn’t know better, I would think that this gentleman was putting a coiled up garden hose inside a speaker enclosure. Well, actually, he is putting a garden hose inside a speaker enclosure, as instructed by the January 1972 issue of Elementary Electronics. He wanted to enjoy quadraphonic sound, and thanks to the magazine, he was able to create quadrasonic sound using his existing stereo. The project shown in the magazine took its input from the speaker terminals of the existing stereo. It then created two new channels, adding a 15 millisecond delay to produce a realistic reverberation. This was accomplished by feeding the signal into the hose from an earphone, and picking it up at the other end with a crystal mike. The output (mixed with a non-delayed version) was then amplified and sent to the rear speakers.

According to the magazine, the result was the greatest home entertainment item since the invention of the crystal set, and would place the listener in a galaxy of surrounding sound and a listening wonderland.

If the general idea sounds vaguely familiar, that’s because you’ve seen a similar idea here before. When WBBM and KFAB wanted to synchronize their signals, WBBM had to build a delay into its transmission, and they accomplished this with a section of lead pipe.



Bomb Shelter Radio, 1942

1942JanRadioRetailerThe January 1942 issue of Radio Retailing stressed to its readers that their trade was an essential one. Radio was a necessity in every home, factory, office, and car. The radio dealer’s patriotic duty was to keep ’em working.

Here, the magazine notes that Americans might have need for bomb shelters, and a working radio would be an essential part of that shelter.



Yacht as Fallout Shelter, 1962

1962Jan16WashEveningStarSixty years ago today, the January 16, 1962, issue of the Washington Evening Star carried this feature by its outdoor editor about one of the stars of the New York Motor Boat Show. This craft was touted as a seagoing fallout shelter. The craft was from the Wheeler Yacht Company, which had teamed up with a name familiar to students of television history, namely Dr. Allen B. Du Mont, one of the pioneers of television.

The principle behind using a boat is sound, as described by Du Mont. Fallout is almost invariably heavier than water, and sinks to the bottom. If the water is 10 feet deep, this means that there is 10 feet of water between the fallout and the boat, which is equivalent to 3 feet of earth, giving excellent protection. Of course, fallout might have settled on the boat, so it was equipped with nozzles for cleaning the deck. Fallout on shore was dealt with through distance, by keeping the boat a minimum of 750 feet from shore. Of course, the ship did nothing to protect against blast and fire, and noted that it would need to be at least 35 miles from ground zero at the time of blast.

For a more detailed look at the concept of using boats for fallout protection, see the 1963 report from the U.S. Naval Radiological Defense Laboratory, Civil Defense Utilization of Ships and Boats.



1947 2 kW Two Meter Transmitter

1947JanRadioNews1This mad scientist, shown in the January 1947 issue of Radio News is probably either George Floyd, W2RYT, or H. Donald Wells, W8LWD, drawing an arc from their newly constructed 1 kW transmitter for the then-new 2 meter band. They apparently didn’t worry too much about RF exposure back then, since he is drawing an arc from the antenna, which is mounted directly on the transmitter. In fact, the article points out that when making measurements of current and voltage in the transmitter, you shouldn’t leave the meters there too long, since they might be damaged by all of the RF that is floating around.

The transmitter is simplicity itself, employing two GL-592 pliotron tubes. According to the authors, the set oscillated the first time it was tried, and they were convinced that “only an order from the FCC would stop the oscillations.” There are few components, as you can see from the schematic below. Tuning was accomplished by adjusting plugs in inductors consisting of 15″ long half-inch copper pipe. It would probably be a good idea to wear thick gloves when making frequency changes, since the B+ was around 2500 volts.

1947JanRadioNews2

We should mention that kids should not build this transmitter at home. There are a number of obvious safety issues, such as the exposed high voltage and the high RF fields. In addition, it probably wouldn’t meet current FCC spectral purity rules. In other words, an order of the FCC has stopped the oscillations.



1942 Radios

1942Jan14PghPressIt hadn’t been announced yet, but eighty years ago today, the domestic production of radios and phonographs for civilian use would end in just over three months. So the prudent listener might consider getting a second radio for the bedroom, just in case the main set in the living room ran into trouble. And for $7.95, this one might fit the bill. It was a basic four-tube set, but it would pull in the local stations with war news. And if cash was short, you could get it for a quarter down, and a quarter per week.

If you had a bit more disposable income, then $32.95, or just a dollar a week, would get you this five-tube set with an automatic record changer. The ad for Kappels Jewelry, 535 Liberty Avenue, Pittsburgh,

The store closed in 1993, after over 70 years in business.