Monthly Archives: August 2019

1939 Homemade Tractor

1939AugPMA few weeks ago, we featured a young man in 1944 driving around his California back yard in a tractor built by his father.  And it’s not inconceivable that the father was inspired by this picture, which appeared in the August 1939 issue of Popular Mechanics.

The constructor of the 1939 version is described only as a “Maine radio man.”  The tractor was put together for entertainment, as well as practical use in the garden.  It measured five feet long and three feet high, and was powered by a two cycle 3/4 HP washing machine motor, with a three speed motorcycle transmission.  Thus, the young man shown here was undoubtedly adept at using the clutch.



Polio Quarantine: 1944

1944Aug30MilJour1944Aug30MilJour2On this day 75 years ago, the United States was at war, but the City of Milwaukee was at war against Polio. Because of an outbreak, all children under 12 years old were confined to their homes.

That didn’t stop these girls from socializing with their friends two doors down. Shown here are Rosemary O’Brien, 12, Peggy O’Brien, 9, and Florence Ann O’Brien, 12, of 5321 N. Diversey Blvd., Milwaukee. They have rigged up a pulley system to send notes to their friends at 5335 Diversey, Betty Ann Dundon, 12, Sherman Dundon, 9, and Monica Dundon, 11.

Meanwhile, Schuster’s Department Store offers to help with these toys, books, and records for kids who are quarantined.

Both images appeared in the Milwaukee Journal, August 30, 1944.



Hurricane Preparedness Links

With Hurricane Dorian bearing down on Florida, here are links to earlier posts on hurricane preparedness.



1939 3 Tube Portable

1939AugPS21939AugPS3This trio are enjoying a radio program out on the terrace thanks to a miniature portable receiver described in the August 1939 issue of Popular Science. The three-tube set drove a loudspeaker thanks to three miniature 1.5 volt British tubes, the XW for the two RF tubes, and the XY serving as audio amplifier. Even though the tubes were made in England, the magazine noted that they were available from the major U.S. suppliers.

The construction was quite compact, and the magazine cautioned that, as with most sets, success depending on the quality of the workmanship. An antenna of 25-40 feet was recommended, with a ground connection optional.

1939AugPSschematic



1939: No Car Too Old for Radio

1939AugRadioRetailingEighty years ago this month, the August 1939 issue of Radio Retailing offered this suggestion for marketing car radios. By this time, it was natural to have a new radio in a new car. But the creative dealer could create a market by selling new radios to put in old cars.

The demonstration shown here was put together by dealer Crest, Incorporated, in St. Louis. To show that no car is too old for a radio, they installed the latest 1940 pushbutton model in this 1909 Ford. “And out into both commercial and residential districts went the car, attracting crowds by the very contrast between its own ancient appearance and the ultra-modern styling and performance of its accessory.”

The car cost the dealer ten dollars per day, which included the driver, gas, and oil. The canvas sign cost another ten dollars.



Liberation of Paris

LiberationOfParis

Gen. de Gaulle and entourage set off from the Arc de Triomphe to Notre Dame. Wikipedia photo.

Today marks the 75th anniversary of the Liberation of Paris, August 25, 1944.

Wikipedia image. By Bureau of Printing and Engraving — U.S. Post Office – Arago: people, postage & the post online, National Postal Museum, Public Domain.



How To Cut A Cross With A Single Slice of the Scissors

1944AugPS

I’m sure that even an armchair theologian can come up with a suitable explanation, but if you’re looking for an interesting craft for your Sunday school class or children’s sermon, the one should fit the bill. This explanation of how to cut a cross with a single slice of the scissors appeared in Popular Science 75 years ago this month, August 1944. It works best if the paper you start with is about twice as long as it is wide.



Science Fair Ideas: Earth’s Magnetic Field

1944AugPScompassSeventy-five years ago this month, the August 1944 issue of Popular Science showed a number of simple science experiments relating to the Earth’s magnetic field. For students looking for a simple science fair experiment, these will prove most adequate. The two shown on this page answer the question, “does the Earth have a magnetic field?” It turns out that yes, yes it does.

Magnetizing the needle.

Magnetizing the needle.

The first experiment produces the compass shown above that is, as the magazine puts it, as good as the best that was known for centuries. All you need is a sewing needle, a magnet, a cork, and a cup or glass (non-metallic) of water. You magnetize the needle by stroking it over the south pole of the magnet, starting at the eye and ending at the point.

If you get that mixed up, it doesn’t really matter, as one end will point north, although it might not be the pointy end. Either way, you’ve proven that the Earth has a magnetic field.

1944AugPSironrodThe other experiment, shown at left, uses the Earth’s magnetic field to magnetize an iron rod. You hold it so that it’s pointing north, and to maximize the magnetic field, you angle it down toward the ground. Tap the upper end with a hammer, and the atoms will align with the magnetic field. You can test this by bringing an end near a compass, either the one you made yourself, or one you bought.

You probably have most of the supplies you need for these experiments around the house, or they are available locally.  The links above are to Amazon.  The links are affiliate links, meaning that this site receives a small commission if you order after clicking on them.



Villa on the Lake Ontario, 1944

1944Aug21LifeShown above, in the August 21, 1944, issue of Life Magazine, is Mrs. Eva Bass, a Paris nightclub singer who had lived in Milan before the war. Because she was a Swiss Jew, she was placed in a concentration camp, and later in “free confinement” in Potenza.

When the Allies arrived in Italy, she carried her children 60 kilometers through the lines, many days without food. They were placed in an Allied relief camp in Italy. She was one of a smaller group, chosen because they were virtually desitute without any means of support, to go to America. “They will remain at Fort Ontario, Oswego, N.Y., for the duration of the war as wards of the U.S. Sine they entered the U.S. outside the immigration quotas, they will have to leave when the war is over.”

After they were registered and their meager possessions cleared customs, they were assigned 1944Aug21Life3to army barracks where they would live for the duration of the war.

The family shown below is identified as the Albrecht family. The father was Jewish and the mother Catholic. The children are identified as Peter, 10, and Renata, 5. According to the magazine, he operated a theater in Vienna but fled to Italy in 1939, followed later by his wife and children.

As the photos and article make clear, the conditions were very austere, but one of the refugees “threw her arms around a government representative, saying, ‘this is more beautiful than anything in Europe.  Now I have a villa on the Lake Ontario.”

All of the residents remained interned until 1946.  According to Wikipedia, ” President Roosevelt made himself very clear that immigration laws were not going to be ignored. The refugees would merely be in the United States, not citizens of the United States. They would have no visa status. President Roosevelt also assured Congress that the Army would not permit any refugee escapes.”  In 1946, under President Truman, the decision was made to allow the refugees to become U.S. Citizens.

1944Aug21Life2



Boy Meets Girl on Train: 1939

1939Aug21LifeCover

Eighty years ago today, the August 21, 1939, issue of Life Magazine carried this photo on its cover, with the caption “boy meets girl on train.” But it wasn’t just any train on which they met, it was the  El Capitan, the modern train of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe from Chicago to Los Angeles. The train’s running time was 39-3/4 hours. While not exactly a luxury train, it was marketed toward passengers who could afford only day-coach fares, but “disliked the long-drawn-ourt tedium and discomfort of an old-fashioned transcontinental coach train.”

The train did not have any Pullman cars. Instead, the coaches were designed to be soft and comfortable by day, but also made a reasonably restful sleep at night.

The article noted that rail traffic had been declining. In 1920, passenger revenue for U.S. railroads was $1.2 billion, but this had declined to a mere $400 million in 1938. The blame was placed on the highways, both private vehicles and buses. By upgrading the coach experience, it was hoped that the trains could compete with buses. New York to Los Angeles by train was 57 hours, whereas by bus, the same trip would take 90 hours.

1939Aug21Life2The magazine noted that, unlike most trains where passengers kept grimly to themselves, most passengers were young, friendly, and gregarious. It wasn’t uncommon to invite strangers to the bar for a beer. “Women put on slacks for comfort and men take off their ties.”

The train was powered by two quiet modern 1800 HP diesel electric locomotives, but when the train reached a 2.2% grade, a steam locomotive was brought in to assist, given the passengers a sound they hadn’t heard since Chicago.

The coaches included lounges in which passengers could change their clothing, and the dining car offered reasonably priced meals.  The train remained in service until 1973.

The couple pictured on the cover were Richard C. Bergen, a lawyer, and Rosabelle Borushik, who worked for Republic Pictures.  Richard was returning to California after a vacation in the East, and Rosabelle was going to California for vacation.  “Though they became good friends en route, Richard unhappily forgot to get Rosabelle’s Los Angeles phone number before they left the train.”  Bergen appears to be the same Richard C. Bergen who was later attorney and friend to Bing Crosby.