Category Archives: Radio history

Filling a Vacant Pulpit by Radio: 1921

1921SepWirelessAgeFrom the picture on Google Street View, it appears that the Herron Avenue Presbyterian Church in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, is a vacant building today. And a hundred years ago, the pulpit was apparently vacant.

1921SepWirelessAge2Undaunted, the members figured out a way to fill the pulpit, in the form of the radio receiver shown here. In the absence of a regular pastor, the pulpit was fitted with a radio receiver, and the service was received by radio from the Calvary Episcopal Church some ten miles away. According to the account in the September 1921 issue of Wireless Age, the service was received with unmistakable distinctness. “Interest was so well sustained throughout the religious services, that the proverbial sleeping brother in the amen corner was conspicuously absent.”



Radiola Model 526: 1941

1941SepServiceEighty years ago this month, the September 1941 issue of Service magazine carried this ad reminding dealers that the Radiola model 526 would sell itself. The set covered standard broadcast and shortwave, and was billed as having a “Station Spreader” dial on the 25 and 31 meter bands. This appears to mean that the tuning range was 9.5 to 12 MHz, meaning that those two bands would naturally take up most of the dial, resulting in easy tuning on those crowded bands.

The same set was available in a wooden cabinet as model 527.  It could also be purchased without shortwave, in plastic as model 516, or wood as model 517.



Politically Incorrect Promotional Items

1951SepRadioNewsThe radio dealer is always looking for ways to promote the business, and one good way of doing that is with some sort of advertising novelty. The September 1951 issue of Radio News details many of them, such as spoon trays, calendars, key chains, and, of course, match books. But the dealer who really wanted to be remembered by his customers couldn’t go wrong by handing out personalized packs of cigarettes!  Not only did the package carry the advertisement, but the dealer could have his name printed right on the cigarette itself. The minimum order was 100 packs, and the price varied by quantity. For 250 packs, the cost was 29 cents a pack, which was only a small premium over the going price of about a quarter a pack.

The cigarettes were supplied by Your Name Cigarettes, 125 West Hubbard, Chicago, a business owned by one Lester B. Patterson. Patterson was a serial entrepreneur. In addition to the cigarette company, he operated the Maxilume Company, Transveneer Company, and Clinical Dental Laboratories. The promotional cigarettes were manufactured by a cigarette company in the East and sold by Patterson. That activity was apparently uneventful, but it was the dental lab that led to Patterson’s downfall.

The dental lab probably served an important niche market for discount dentures. He would send customers a paste, used to make an impression of their old dentures. They would send those impressions, along with the old dentures, to Patterson, who would forward them to a lab which would manufacture a new pair. Patterson would then send the new dentures to the customer. This apparently drew the ire of the dental associations in the states where the customers lived, since the price was probably a lot cheaper.

Eventually, Patterson was charged with violating a federal statute prohibiting the mailing of a denture constructed from an impression made by other than a licensed dentist. He was convicted and sentenced to six months in prison. He appealed to the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals, and argued that the patient had a constitutional right to make an impression of his own teeth, even if it was against the law to make an impression of someone else’s teeth.

The court apparently agreed with the proposition that someone has the constitutional right to take an impression of their own teeth. But that wasn’t what the defendant was charged with. The statute prohibited the making of dentures from that impression and mailing it. So the appeals court affirmed Patterson’s conviction.   (The trial transcript is available at this link.)



1961 British One Tube Regen

1961SepRadioConstructorSixty years ago this month, the September 1961 issue of the British magazine Radio Constructor carried the plans for this one-tube regenerative receiver covering 150 kHz through 28 MHz dubbed the “Finger-tip Five,” owing to the fact that it covered the range in five bands with five plug-in coils. While it did cover the longwave and mediumwave bands, it was especially designed for the shortwaves, “where much of interest is transmitted.”

The set used an ECF80 dual pentode-triode tube. The triode was used as the regenerative detector. The other half was used as an untuned RF amplifier, whose main purpose was to isolate the detector from the antenna, thus eliminating any dead spots caused by the antenna loading down the detector. On this side of the Pond, the equivalent tube would be a 6BL8 or 6LN8.

1961SepRadioConstructor2



1946 Five Tube Radio Demostrator

1946ConcordSeventy-five years ago, the new serviceman learning how to fix radios could very well have done so in a classroom with this demonstrator at the front of the room. From the 1946 catalog of Concord Radio Company showed this working “All American Five” radio, layed out for instructional purposes. The circuits were easily accessible from the rear, so faults could be demonstrated by shorting out critical parts. The trimmers were all accessible from the front, so that alignment could be demonstrated.



Okay, Boomer

1946SepRadioServiceDealerThe Baby Boomer generation is generally defined as starting in 1946, so this young gentleman shown on the cover of the September 1946 issue of Radio Service Dealer is probably one of the first.

The magazine identifies the parents as orchestra leader Ray Herbeck, and wife Lorraine “Pokey” Benson, vocalist with the orchestra. The young Boomer is almost certainly Ray Herbeck, Jr., who went on to become a screenwriter and producer, with a specialty of historical re-enactment. He served as re-enactor coordinator in movies such as Back to the Future Part III and Rambo III, and the 1984-85 TV miniseries North and South.

He’s described on this site as “probably the only movie executive in Hollywood who knew anything about reenacting and living history.”

In the photo, the three are listening to Benson’s solo on the band’s rendition of Vitamin Pills. It’s being played back on this Zenith console, and the magazine points out that the set has a Cobra radionic tone arm. Here’s another recording of the song, although I bet it sounded even better on the Zenith:



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Clive Sinclair: 1940-2021

Sinclair in 1992. Wikipedia photo by Adrian Pingstone.

Sinclair in 1992. Wikipedia photo by Adrian Pingstone.

We have the sad duty to report that the world has lost one of the pioneers of home computing, Sir Clive Marles Sinclar, who died on 16 September 2021 in London.

In 1961, he founded Sinclair Radionics, Ltd., which produced electronic kits and finished products, including one of the first electronic calculators in 1972.

Sinclair ZX80

Sinclair ZX80. Wikipedia photo.

We’ve previously written about his most famous products, the Sinclair ZX80 computer from 1980. In America, a later version was marketed as the Timex Sinclair TS1000, billed as the first computer under $100, whose price later dropped to $49. It could be used for BASIC programs, and served as an introduction to computers to many.

According to the BBC, Sinclair didn’t use computers himself, saying that he didn’t like the distraction.  Instead, he was working on his inventions until a week before his death, because that was what he loved doing.



Electronic Route Guidance System (ERGS) 1971

1971SepElemElecFifty years ago this month, the September 1971 issue of Elementary Electronics carried a feature describing a proposed system known as Electronic Route Guidance System (ERGS). While it was apparently never adopted, the system was tested in the Washington, D.C. area, and amounted to an early prototype of Google Maps.

ERGS1he system would provide directions to your destination as you drove. It was ultimately envisioned as a nationwide system. The user would enter a 6-digit alphabetical code into the car’s unit. This code could be looked up in a directory (or provided by a person at the destination) and would represent one of up to four million destinations. As he or she drove along, the system would continually give directions of whether to go straight, turn right, or turn left. In many cases, the instructions would alert the driver to take the second right or the third left. Directions would be given on a heads-up display, such as shown at left, or on a unit mounted on the dashboard, as shown above.

This was all done long before the advent of GPS, and the position locating and storage of directions were elegantly simple. To service four million destinations, up to 200,000 intersections would have installed loop antennas under the pavement. Each loop antenna would be connected to a receiver and 2-watt transmitters operating on 170 and 230 kHz. Cars would be equipped with a similar system. As a car drove over a loop, a 230 kHz signal from the pavement would be detected by the car, and this would trigger the car to transmit its destination, in the form of a 25-bit binary code, on 170 kHz. This would be received by the pavement antenna. For each of the 4,000,000 possible destinations, the system would then have locally stored the proper direction to go to get to that destination. The pavement antenna would then transmit that information as a 16-bit signal, which would be displayed on the 16-element display shown at right.  Only the needed segments would be lighted, allowing a wide variety of messages. ERGS2The entire process would take 21.0-24.3 milliseconds. The system used on-off keying with a data transmission rate of 2000 bits per second. When the driver passed over the station closest to the final destination, the display would indicate “END.”

More technical details of the system can be found in this 1969 report of the Federal Highway Administration.

If a driver missed a turn, the system would be automatically self-correcting.  At the next intersection equipped with a loop antenna, the system would show directions to the programmed destination, from that location.



Importance of a Good Ground: 1921

1921SepRadioNewsThe importance of a good ground can’t be over-emphasized, as shown by this radio hobbyist a hundred years ago. Being located near water is always a plus, and a large electrode of cast iron was readily available. Dinner will just have to wait, since it sounds like he’s pulling in an important signal.

The illustration appeared a hundred years ago this month in the September 1921 issue of Radio News. The artist was Howard V. Brown, (1878-1945), and the scene probably came to life at his studio at 131 West 23rd Street in New York.



Emerson’s 1942 Lineup

1941SepRadioRetailingEighty years ago this month, the September 1941 issue of Radio Retailing carried this ad for Emerson’s lineup for the coming model year.  It turns out these would be the last models made until 1946, as civilian radio and phonograph production ended for the duration on April 22, 1942.