Category Archives: Phonograph History

Phonographs Replace Preachers: 1919

1919OctTalkingMachineWorldAt its 1918 General Assembly, the Presbyterian Church USA created the New Era Expansion program, an attempt to hammer out a five year plan to foster cooperation and unity among Presbyterian bodies.

A New Era conference was held at Lake Geneva Wisconsin on September 9, 1919, and one of the actions taken is detailed in this article, from Music Trades magazine, September 13, 1919:

PHONOGRAPHIC SERMONS FOR PASTORLESS CHURCHES

Presbyterian Conference Recommends Use of Phonograph Records of Approved Sermons in Vacant Pulpits

LAKE GENEVA, WIS., Sept. 9.—”Phonographic sermons” are a possibility in pastorless Presbyterian churches as a result of action taken to-day at the Presbyterian New Era conference, after it was disclosed that 3,000 of the 10,000 Presbyterian pulpits are vacant.

The delegates outlined plans for filling those pulpits temporarily until ordained ministers could be obtained. Dr. W. S. Marquis of Chicago, associate secretary, urged each presbytery to develop immediately strong laymen as leaders and indorsed the recommendations that phonograph records of approved sermons by ordained ministers be provided for use in vacant pulpits.

According to the October 1919 issue of Talking Machine World, the proposal had some doubters. But not surprisingly, the magazine eagerly supported the proposal. It noted that of the 10,000 Presbyterian pulpits in the country, a full 3000 were vacant. While those congregations took steps to fill the gaps, “there is nothing so monotonous and lacking in appeal as a poor preacher. On the other hand, congregations could acquire records of sermons by great preachers, and “half a dozen five-minute records would make a sermon that would be worth listening to.”

In particular, “the best sermons of a $20,000 preacher could be had in any church for the cost of a machine and a few records. Can anyone imagine that a congregation would not prefer to listen to the voice of a great minister, representing the highest intellect and the finest expression of religious thought to be found in the church, rather than the hackneyed phrases of a man who struggles along in martyrdom trying to eke out his $70 salary with preaching ability of the same worth.”

Particularly in rural areas served by circuit-riding preachers, the phonographic preacher would be a Godsend. Some churches saw a real preacher only once every two or three weeks. But with a library of records and method to distribute them, new sermons could be supplied each week, and even during the week.



Phonographs at the Minnesota State Fair: 1919

1919SepTalkMachWorld

This article appeared a hundred years ago this month in the September 1919 issue of Talking Machine World.

TALKING MACHINES AT THE BIG MINNESOTA STATE FAIR

Enormous Crowds Attracted-Exhibits of Edison, Pathé, Starr, Vista Phonographs Attract Much Attention-Exhibitors Well Repaid for Their Investment

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Wikipedia image.

MINNEAPOLIS AND ST. PAUL, September 6. Everybody went to the big Minnesota state fair, August 20 to September 6. It was the biggest fair ever held either in Minnesota or any other state. The attendance on Labor Day was 201,619 and with fine weather predicted the turnstile count for the show should have been in the neighborhood of 600 000.

Music was in the air throughout the eight days of the fair. Four big military bands, the “Million Dollar” Sunset Division band, the 151st Field Artillery band, the Minnesota State band and Thaviu’s concert band, with a score of smaller organizations and a hundred or more talking machines, kept music ringing in the ears of every visitor.

Library of Congress image.

Only a small number of the Twin City dealers deemed it to their advantage to make displays at the show, but those who were there were amply repaid for their efforts. In the first place the attendance was unprecedentedly large and then a change has come over the ruralites, for they are no longer afraid to spend money.

The exhibitors were Laurence H. Lucker and the Minnesota Phonograph Co., G. Sommers & Co., M. L. McGinnis & Co., the Northwestern Music House and the Vista Talking Machine Co. in connection with Hochman Bros., Minneapolis.

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Wikipedia image.

A life-sized photograph of The Wizard himself attracted attention to “the phonograph with a soul” shown and demonstrated by Laurence H. Lucker and the Minnesota Phonograph Co. That the people of the Northwest are familiar with the Edison products was amply testified by the throngs about the booth. A very complete line of cabinet machines was on display together with some period cases.

The center of attraction in the Sommers booth was the new Pathé Actuelle. About twenty Pathé machines were on exhibition. Demonstrators expatiated upon the advantages of the Pathé Sapphire ball and the durability of the Pathé records.

Starr phonographs and Gennett records were shown by M. L McGinnis & Co. Mr. McGinnis, who is a veteran piano man, has now become a phonograph enthusiast and almost has been weaned away from his old love. Four fine types of the $300 models of the Starr machines formed the most conspicuous feature of the exhibit.

Linderman and Columbia phonographs, together with Boland band instruments and Mathushek pianos, completely filled the extensive space obtallied by the Northwestern Music Co. President Boland was in charge of the show and was full of enthusiasm for the success of his venture at the fair. His house, while handling a full line of Columbia Grafonolas and records, is pushing the Linderman phonograph, in the manufacture of which the company is interested.

New in the state fair field was the Vista talking machine, made at Port Washington, Wis., and six other places. The concern also makes the Paramount records. Its display at the fair was made in conjunction with Hochman Bros., dealers at 416 East Hennepin avenue, Minneapolis. P. F. Moses, of the Chicago headquarters, is taking the exhibit about the country and is signing Vista contracts with many merchants.



Phono for Dubbing Your Old 78’s

For those seeking to convert their 78 RPM records to a digital format, this product seems to fit the bill. I haven’t had an opportunity to try it, but this Victrola model V50-200-BLU turntable stands out as about the only modern turntable I’ve seen that will play 78 RPM records.  Of course, it’s possible to use your vintage phonograph and run the audio into your computer’s sound card.  But this is probably the only 78 RPM phonograph ever made with a USB connection to go directly to your computer.

Even if you use the unit to copy just a few old 78’s, the low price makes it worthwhile.  It is available at Amazon.  The set also includes CD player, AM-FM radio, and serves as a Bluetooth speaker.

Links on this page are affiliate links, meaning that this site is paid a small commission if you order after clicking on these links.



Labor Day 1944: Ritz Crackers!

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The final Labor Day of World War II fell on September 4, 1944, and that day’s issue of Life Magazine showed Americans how the holiday could be celebrated, namely, with Ritz Crackers!

The Nabisco ad in the issue included the illustration shown above of a of a Record Party.  “Let the gang bring the records they like best … you supply the Ritz.  Favorite bands and favorite cracker–what more could the ‘gaters’ want for a good time!”  I’m not sure what a “gater” is, but the gaters shown here seem to be having fun.  According to the ad, Ritz crackers were also suitable for a backyard picnic, or just a quiet evening at home.



Dance Any Time: The Victrola Is Always Ready

1919JulPSToday, the ability to listen to music is something we take for granted, and it has been for a little over a century. But for most of human history, you could listen to music only when there was someone around who was able to play it. In other words, most of the time, if you wanted music, you had to make it yourself.

A century ago, the phonograph was already well established. But as this ad shows, most people still remembered what it was like before. The ad appeared in the July 1919 issue of Popular Science.



1959 British One Valve Radiogram

1959JuneRadioConstrSixty years ago this month, the June 1959 issue of British magazine Radio Constructor showed how to put together this one valve radiogram.  For readers on this side of the pond, that means a one-tube radio-phono combination.  A single ECL80 dual tube served as audio amplifier for both the radio and phonograph.  A simple crystal set using a germanium diode pulled in the local stations on either long wave or medium wave.

In addition to showing how to put together the simple circuit, the magazine promised that the cabinet work would be lucidly explained so that no difficulty would be experienced, even by a beginner.  A power transformer assured safe operation, and a single DP3T switch was used to select longwave, mediumwave, or gramophone.

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1959 Underwater Speaker

1959MayPM3Sixty years ago this month, the May 1959 issue of Popular Mechanics shows an idea that surprisingly never caught on: underwater music. You’re swimming at the pool and listening to music. But when you dive under the water, you can no longer hear the music. The problem is easily solved by installing a speaker inside the pool. Because sound travels five times as fast in water, “music from the submerged speaker is more true-toned than one mounted in the air.”

And the project is quite simple. All you need to do is purchase a “submergence-proof speaker.” The magazine recommended the University MM-2F (UW), a 25 watt speaker which sold for about $40.

And lo and behold, if you search Amazon for “submergence proof speaker,” one is still available today, although it appears to be marketed toward industrial applications. It is shown here, and the full details are available at this link.  It appears quite similar to the model shown in the magazine.  The price is higher today than it was in 1959, although most of the increase is attributable to inflation.



Phonographic Spam Sales, 1939

1939MayRadioRetailingEighty years ago this month, the May 1939 issue of Radio Retailing carried this feature explaining how salesmen from Austin, Minnesota, based Hormel Foods did their jobs.  To tell the story of “a new canned meat,” the salesmen brought along on their calls to grocers a portable phonograph and played a record of the canned meat’s story.  They “stood speechless while the record did the selling, softened up the prospect with suitable musical interludes.”

This salesman was employing an Emerson radio-phono.

While the meat is not identified in the caption, it is plainly visible in the photo, which reveals that the phonographic sales pitch was for Spam, the venerable luncheon meat which had been introduced by the company in 1937.



Wartime Diversification for Radio Dealers

1944MayRadioRetailingWith manufacture of civilian radios being suspended for the duration of the war in 1942, radio dealers had to seek other avenues to augment their income. Of course, servicing sets became especially important, but dealers also diversified, and that often meant selling records. Shown here, on the cover of the Radio Retailing for May 1944 is the colorful record display at Paramus Tire Exchange, 150 E. Ridgewood Ave., Ridgewood, N.J. The unusual name for a radio store (much less a kids’ record store) is explained by the fact that owner Cy Jacoby had diversified into the radio business in the 1920’s. The article noted that he was one of the many automotive men who took on radio way back when lots of music merchants were not interested.”

The address proved to be a good one from a merchandising point of view. With the inability to sell radios (or tires) during the war, Jacoby put together this display. In fact, since the shop was wired with intercoms, he even put a speaker behind the display and would speak to kids as the looked at the display of books and records.

1944MayRadioRetailing2The magazine warned of another kind of diversification that was illegal. Some dealers were buying broken radios and using the parts to rebuild new sets. In some cases, the rebuilding consisted of putting a refurbished chassis into a new cabinet. But the magazine reported that the War Production Board had taken the position that this was illegal.

There had apparently been no prosecutions, although the magazine did note that there had been several cases of action taken against dealers who had converted automobile sets to home use. Presumably, making the conversion at home (as described at this post and this post) were OK, but a dealer could not do the conversion and sell the set.



1896 Phonograph “Concert”

1919MayTalkingMachineWorldToday, we take a nostalgic look back a hundred years to the May 1919 issue of Talking Machine World, which was itself taking a nostalgic look back 23 years to 1896.

The magazine reproduced this poster advertising a “concert” at the Methodist Church in Chagrin Falls, Ohio. The benefit event (with admission of either 10 or 20 cents) featured Edison’s Most Wonderful Invention, namely the phonograph. The poster pointed out that the device would reproduce “the human voice, bands, whistling, etc., etc.” And this was not some puny device that could be heard only through an ear tube. The phonograph was one which could be heard by hundreds at the same time. The concert included a recording of the chimes “by the Bells in St. John’s Cathedral,” although it’s not clear which church of that name is being referenced.

The concert was to take place at 7:30 on February 14, 1896.  The current United Methodist Church of Chagrin Falls traces its roots back to the 1830s, and reports that it built on its current site in 1884.  So it appears that the concert took place at that church’s current location of 20 S. Franklin St.

At the beginning of the 20th century, phonographs rapidly became common.  Even before most people owned one, they had an opportunity to listen.  But in 1896, the instrument was still quite a novelty, and it’s likely that most Americans had never heard one.  So it was probably well worth a dime or two to go listen to a concert featuring the greatest invention of the century.