Author Archives: clem.law@usa.net

Minneapolis-St. Paul Civil Unrest

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Protester atop smashed police car, about 3 miles from my house. Wikipedia photo.

As I write this, I’m under a 8:00 PM to 6:00 AM curfew, as a result of civil unrest in the Minneapolis-St. Paul area after the killing of George Floyd on Memorial Day.  Just now, I can hear a helicopter, which I assume belongs to a law enforcement agency. We live in what’s normally a quiet neighborhood, and thankfully, it’s been very quiet here after dark.  Each of the three nights of the curfew, I’ve haven’t heard more than a couple of cars go by.  I assume (and hope) that they belong to neighbors returning home from work. Rioters seem to enjoy setting things on fire, so at sunset, I’ve been hosing down the house and the vegetation next to it. Our recycling bin is full (the trash miraculously got picked up, but not the recycling), so I poured enough water in there to make all of the paper soggy and unsuitable for burning. We have a stack of firewood behind the house, so I thoroughly hosed that down as well.

Others can delve into the deeper issues, but since one of the subjects covered by this blog is emergency preparedness, it’s appropriate for me to discuss those aspects of how it affects people in the Twin Cities.

We’ve been under a state of emergency since March due to the coronavirus. Because of health issues, my family has taken greater precautions than most. Since mid-March, none of us has been inside a building other than our own home, and none of us has been within six feet of anyone outside of our household. We’ve rarely been within 20 feet of anyone else, and that’s usually with a mask.

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Minneapolis police precinct station burning. Wikipedia photo.

And on top of this emergency, we now have civil unrest. Many of the protests have been peaceful, but there has been a great deal of violence. The neighborhoods surrounding Lake Street in Minneapolis have seen horrible destruction.  As noted below, it is clear that most of this destruction is the result of outsiders, and not people who live in the neighborhood, and not the same people who are protesting.  One of the city’s five police precinct stations was burned to the ground.  Looting has spread. I’m unsure of the exact details, but a gas station/convenience store less than a mile from our house was reportedly the object of some kind of attack, and it is now boarded up. A liquor store a little over a mile away was looted in a case of “flash looting.” It’s boarded up, but still operating.

The Minneapolis mayor did little to stop the violence.  St. Paul did somewhat better.  Eventually, state police (Minnesota State Patrol and Department of Natural Resources) personnel were brought in, as well as the National Guard.  On Friday night, rioters attempted to enter St. Paul, but the St. Paul Police Department blocked the bridges between the two cities.  There was a large protest on Sunday near the Minnesota State Capitol (about two miles from my house), but that appears to have been entirely peaceful.  The Minnesota National Guard is out in force protecting the Capitol.


 

Monday Morning Update:  One thing that seems clear to me is that nobody is burning down their own neighborhood. There are clearly outside forces at work. Unfortunately, there have been few arrests, so it’s hard to pinpoint exactly who is responsible. The looted liquor store near my house is a fortunate case where they did make an arrest. It sounds like a few dozen people (who piled out of just a few cars, in an obvious planned attack) took part in the looting. Only two got arrested. One was from Crystal, Minnesota, a suburb of Minneapolis. The other was from Wisconsin. They came here to loot, they came here to destroy someone else’s neighborhood, and what they did had nothing to do with the killing of George Floyd. They merely took advantage of the tragedy.

It sounds trite to say it, but these people were outside agitators. On one NextDoor group, there was a heated discussion of whether they were extremists from the far left, or extremists from the far right. Honsestly, I don’t care one way or another. They have no right to come into my neighborhood, steal from us, or burn down our buildings.  I live in a neighborhood that has been only lightly affected.  I’m sure those who live near Lake Street or University Avenue feel the same way.  It doesn’t matter if they’re black or white, or rich or poor, or Republican or Democrat.  Nobody has the right to invade their safety and security.

The people who have been victims of racism are also people who need to buy groceries, need to buy prescriptions, need to get things in the mail. Many of them protested what happened, and rightly so. But they didn’t burn down their own supermarket or their own pharmacy or their own post office. Thugs from outside came in and did that. Maybe those thugs were on the far left. Maybe those thugs were on the far right. It doesn’t matter. They have shown by their own actions that they don’t care at all for the people of those neighborhoods.

It does appear that these outside thugs, whoever they are, have at least some level of sophistication. I have seen numerous reports, from media and from friends, of cars driving around without license plates. When they are stopped by police, the occupants scatter. The governor reported that there was a denial of service attack to the state’s computer systems during one of the riots, and he said that it showed sophistication. The division director of the ARRL sent out an e-mail that there have been unidentified transmissions on local amateur radio repeaters, and gave instructions on how to report them.  One person in a nearby neighborhood reported on NextDoor reported finding a threatening note.  Apparently, she had a “Black Lives Matter” sign in her yard, and the note told her to take it down or have her house burnt down.

Was that note placed there by someone in the neighborhood?  I can guarantee you that it absolutely was not.  Maybe it was placed there by a white supremacist to cause fear.  Maybe it was placed there by someone who wants us to start thinking that one of our neighbors is a white supremacist.  It doesn’t matter.  They’re both equally unwelcome here, just as they’re unwelcome in the neighborhoods around Lake Street or University Avenue.


 

The actual killing of George Floyd took place in south Minneapolis. Google Maps tells me that it’s a 12.7 mile drive from my house. Very serious violence erupted Wednesday, Thursday, and

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Minnesota State Patrol and National Guard on duty on Lake Street, Minneapolis. Wikipedia photo.

Friday nights. Saturday and Sunday nights seem to be quieter. Some of the riots spilled over into St. Paul, particularly along University Avenue. A Target store was the subject of looting. One that hit close to home was an attack on Ax-man Surplus, my favorite source of electronic components and more. It’s now boarded up, but the boards vow that they’ll be back. These stores are about three miles from my house.

Many stores are closed and/or boarded up as a precaution. On Saturday, I had to mail some letters at the post office, so my daughter and I went for a short drive through the suburb of Roseville. Many stores were closed and boarded up. Others, such as McDonald’s, are boarded up but still operating with a drive-thru. Target was boarded up and closed. We drove past about 10 gas stations, and most were closed. One, a BP station near the looted liquor store, was also the victim of looting, and was boarded up. Three stations were open. Since my car was at about a half tank, I stopped, paid at the pump with a credit card, and quickly filled up.

The two Cub Foods supermarkets that we went past were open. Since many other stores, such as Target, were closed, their parking lots were very crowded, similar to what one might expect the day before Thanksgiving. Now is not a good time to have to buy groceries.

We needed a prescription filled at a local pharmacy on Thursday. When she called, they had already closed as a precaution. They were open on Friday morning, and she was able to pick it up then. Closing as a precaution was a wise decision. That evening, another neighborhood pharmacy owned by the same owner was burned by rioters. Fortunately, the one in our neighborhood was luckier. When she picked up the prescription, most other stores were closed. A local convenience store was still open, and she said it was the most crowded she ever saw it. With the supermarkets closed, it was probably the only place in town to buy food.

Fortunately, even though we’re not really “preppers,” we’ve always tried to keep well stocked up on groceries and other household supplies. And because of COVID-19, we redoubled those efforts. So we are very fortunate to have a full pantry.

Even so, like most Americans, we rely on the supermarket to maintain our normal diet. And this week, we ran out of milk. As I described previously (here and here), during the pandemic, we’ve been taking advantage of home delivery and curbside pickup.  We had our next order at Walmart scheduled for late Tuesday afternoon.  I was just notified that it was cancelled, and I had to reschedule for Thursday.  I suspect that it was too late in the day for their comfort (or mine).

In the meantime, we have powdered milk, and it’s actually not bad.  I’ve previously taste tested various brands, and the surprising favorite is the Walmart store brand.  You can tell it’s powdered milk, but just barely.  I make it with warm water and mix it well to make sure it’s well aerated.  Then, I put it in the refrigerator and serve it cold.

We’re not eating exactly what we would have eaten otherwise, but we’re eating well, and we’re not hungry.  We’re out of frozen pizzas and soda, and we’re even out of store-bought bread.  We make things other than pizza,   We can and do bake bread, and to replace the soda, we have plenty of Kool-Aid on hand.  (Prepping doesn’t necessarily mean that you have to forego junk food.)

As I’ve said before, I hope I’m wrong, but I’m afraid that there will be food shortages this year.  We will cope, because we have on hand things like rice, beans, oil, masa (for making tortillas), flour, sugar (and even Kool-Aid).  We will be able to eat good food, and we won’t be a burden on anyone else to figure out how to feed us.

Right now, in my own city and my own neighborhood, I’m sure that there are people who are hungry.  It’s probably not because they don’t have enough money for food.  But the stores where they normally buy their food are closed, or maybe even burnt down.  If they don’t have gas in the car, they can’t get to stores that are still open, and most of the gas stations are closed.  They can’t go anywhere at night, as long as the curfew remains in effect. If they don’t have a car, they can’t get to the store because bus service has been suspended.

There are probably a lot of people trying to figure out how to make a meal out of the random leftovers that they happen to have in their cupboard.  I ate a bowl of cereal with powdered milk, and I’m guessing I had it a lot better than many.  There are numerous opportunities to donate food items for impromptu food shelves that have sprung up.  Most of those using these impromptu food shelves probably aren’t there for economic reasons.  They need to be there for the simple reason that someone burned down their supermarket.

A lot of people are hurting right now because some thugs decided to burn down their supermarket or their pharmacy or their post office.  They’re compounding the injustice done to George Floyd.  At this point, there’s not much I can do to fight back, other than to make sure I’m not in a position where I’m overly dependent on the things that they destroyed.  The good people of my state will rebuild the supermarkets and pharmacies.  If I have enough resources to weather this storm, then I can be part of the solution and not part of the problem.

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1960 Silent Lawnmower

1960MayPSSixty years ago this month, the May 1960 issue of Popular Science featured this as the next big thing, although it never quite caught on. It was a silent engine for the lawnmower, outboard motor, chain saw, or almost anything else. You would light it with a match. If using it with an outboard motor, it would probably be a good idea to bring along some waterproof matches to avoid rowing back to shore.

Then engine was a variation on the Stirling engine, which alternately heats and cools air, deriving power from the differential pressures.  The Wikipedia article is long and interesting, but the section entitled “Applications” is only three lines long, and doesn’t mention outboard motors, chain saws, or lawnmowers.  You can buy a Stirling engine, such as the one shown at left, and in fact, we have one.  It’s a very interesting novelty item, and we’ve even coaxed enough power out of it to light an LED.  But it’s not something with many practical applications.

In the short story Fallout Shelter Journal by Clement R. Dodge, the North Koreans develop an undetectable submarine by patiently using Stirling engines to recharge electric submarines from thermal vents on the ocean floor.  Maybe they got the idea from this magazine.



1940 Portables

1940MayRadioRetailingEighty years ago this month, the nation’s radio retailers were headed into the summer months, which had previously been known as the summer slump. But the April 1940 issue of Radio Retailing magazine noted that the portable set, really only two years old, had been responsible for the virtual elimination of the 1939 summer slump.

The magazine gave a number of pointers to promote the sets, which it pointed out could be marketed to those traveling by trailer, by plane, by boat (as shown below), or, as shown on the cover, by train.

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1920 One Tube Regenerative Receiver

1920MayPS2This simple regenerative receiver circuit appeared in Popular Science a hundred years ago this month, May 1920. It was sent in to the magazine by one Edward T. Jones, who reported that it used a resonant antenna, connected by what he called a “balancing circuit.” He reported that this circuit drew signals from the antenna in a much greater proportion than static.

He reported that connecting the optional variable capacitor resulted in greater signal strength, but with some loss of selectivity.



1950 Four Tube Superhet Shortwave Receiver

1950MayRadioElecThe plans for this four-tube superheterodyne shortwave receiver appeared 70 years ago this month in the May 1950 issue of Radio Electronics.

According to the author, the set was the equivalent of a six-tube set, and was pulling in hams on 20 meters from Maine, California, and the Florida coast, all at loudspeaker volume. The trick employed is visible in the picture above, namely, the wire wrapped around the first IF transformer. This was connected to the grid of the 12BA6, and increased the gain through feedback. Plug-in coils were used for band switching, and the author provided coil data for 80, 40, and 20 meters.

The author was Homer Davidson, whose name is familiar as a fairly prolific author of radio books over the years.

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Old Town Canoes, 1920

Canoex
1920MayPSAs a major Internet publisher, OneTubeRadio.com owns a company vehicle, shown above.  Specifically, it’s an Old Town Pathfinder canoe.  The company has been in business since 1898, and going strong for at least a century, as shown by the ad at the left.

The ad appeared in Popular Science a hundred years ago this month, May 1920.

Maybe we’ll write to them and ask if they still have any constitutions and by-laws.



1940 Portable Hand-Crank Radio-Phono

1940MayPMxFrom 80 years ago, here’s another example of a hand-crank phonograph, but with electrical rather than mechanical sound reproduction. The set in question is a portable radio-phonograph combination.

The radio was a four-tube superhet, powered by batteries. It made perfect sense to use the hand-crank motor, since the motor would unnecessarily run down the batteries.

The set, which appears to be from General Electric, was shown in the May 1940 issue of Popular Mechanics.



Abby P. Morrison Ricker, Radio Pioneer

1920MayElecExp2Shown here a hundred years ago this month, in the May 1920 issue of Electrical Experimenter, is radio pioneer Miss Abby P. Morrison, later Mrs. Abby Morrison Ricker. In the accompanying article, she described her radio set, which she reported gave her very satisfactory service.

She had two loop antennas at her disposal, which allowed reception of local, Navy Yard, and ship signals on both 600 and 952 meters. She reported that she was able to pull in signals from ships a day or two out at sea, and from various ships up and down the coast. She employed both a crystal detector and an audion.

She doesn’t report having transmitted yet, but she did have a spark coil, rotary spark gap, and 1/4 kilowatt motor generator.

1921MorrisonPhotoShe’s shown in this picture (third from right) competing in a code competition in October 1921. By 1926, Miss Morrison is listed in Radio Broadcast magazine as being an Instructor in Radio at the Y.W.C.A., and one of the authors of “The Easy Course in Home Radio.” At some point, she was the author of a book entitled “Radio Operator’s Primer,” which she revised in 1943 under the title of “Radio Primer.” She submitted these books to General Electric in 1943, which returned them without acceptance. But in 1943, GE published a book entitled “The ABC’s or Radio,” which she alleged infringed her copyright. She sued, and the case was ultimately heard by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit.

Unfortunately for her, the appeals court affirmed the summary judgment granted in favor of the defendant. Ricker v. General Electric Co., 162 F.2d 141 (2d Cir. 1947). The court held that it had examined the record carefully and found no similarities between the two books which could support a charge of plagiarism.

The court noted that “by a judicious process of selection of words extracted from sentences and from the surrounding context, she finds some repetitive expressions. Needless to say, this method is not convincing.” The court pointed out that “the obsessive conviction that all similarities are inevitably plagiarism is frequent among authors.” But the examples cited didn’t hold up.

Surprisingly, I wasn’t able to find much more information about this radio pioneer. In particular, I wasn’t able to determine whether she was ever licensed. In this 1927 directory of musicians, however, she is listed as a soprano who made her debut in Paris in 1925. It notes that she had sung “with San Carlo Opera company and at courts of England, Belgium, and Spain,” and had “appeared in recital and oratorio in New York.” I can’t determine the provenance, other than being an eBay listing, but the photo below apparently shows her in character in an opera in which she appeared.

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1960 3 Transistor Portable

1960MayPESixty years ago this month, the May 1960 issue of Popular Electronics showed how to make this three-transistor portable radio. It was billed by the magazine as a set that could be put together in one evening, and was perfect for the hobbyist who wanted to move on from crystal sets, but wasn’t quite ready for a superhet.

The attractive set was said to be about as big as the ubiquitous pack of cigarettes, in this case, king-size cigarettes.

The set used two 2N170 NPN transistors, and one 2N107 PNP. The first transistor served as detector, with the other two amplifying the audio. The set was said to be sensitive, pulling in all of the local stations with a short wire antenna. For more distant stations, the antenna had an alligator clip at the end, which could be clipped to a window screen or longer antenna. Permeability tuning was employed, with the slug of the loopstick screwed in and out.

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